Sources of socialization for interpersonal trust: an exploration of low-income Black adolescents’ experiences

Much of the literature on interpersonal trust is quantitative in nature, using scales developed primarily with White middle-class and upper-class adults. To understand how another racial group of a different socioeconomic background and age views interpersonal trust, we considered the experiences of 22 low-income Black adolescents. The adolescents participated in a relationship education program and were interviewed about their interpersonal trust experiences. Results of a qualitative data analysis revealed that most adolescents defined interpersonal trust based on honesty and fidelity, with a particular emphasis on monogamy in romantic relationships. Adolescents identified direct messages from family members and personal relationship experiences as sources of socialization for interpersonal trust. Although some adolescents reported that the relationship education program enhanced their understanding of and willingness to trust, others maintained that trust can only be learned through personal experiences. Though the adolescents generally trusted family members, they experienced challenges trusting friends and romantic partners. Despite this, adolescents considered interpersonal trust a vital and a necessary part of romantic relationships. We discuss implications of the findings for relationship stability and satisfaction.     

The belonging model of trust

Although we know that high‐quality employee–organization relationships are beneficial, these relationships are complex and not fully understood, especially among employees of nonprofit organizations. In particular, we know little about how these employees perceive trust, which may overlook an important contributor to effective management. We begin to address this issue by testing a new theoretical model that conceptualizes perceived insider status, psychological ownership, and organizational identification as foundations for the perception of justice and subsequent trust. Our results indicate that psychological ownership and perceived insider status relate to trust through procedural and interpersonal justice. These results contrast those typically found in for‐profit contexts in that organizational identification did not predict justice and that distributive and informational justice did not predict trust.     

社会信任对公司违规的抑制性研究

如何防范公司违规、保护投资者利益是资本市场研究的热点问题。以2010-2017年沪深两地A股2853家上市公司为研究样本,基于部分可观测的Bivariate Probit模型的实证结果显示：公司所在地区的社会信任水平越高,其违规倾向越低,被违规稽查的概率则越高;进一步研究发现,风险喜好型高管会降低社会信任对公司违规倾向的抑制作用,并在一定程度上强化了社会信任对公司违规稽查的影响力度;此外,相较于信息披露违规,社会信任对经营违规倾向的抑制作用更为显著,并且更为有效地提高了经营违规被稽查的概率。     

旅游社区居民感知视角下政府信任影响因素——社会交换理论的解释

伴随着乡村旅游的持续深入发展,旅游社区居民对政府的信任问题成为当前影响乡村旅游业提质增效和可持续发展的重要议题。基于旅游社区居民感知视角,选取山东省六处典型乡村旅游社区,利用社会交换理论探究乡村旅游地居民政府信任的影响因素,对比不同生命周期阶段旅游社区居民政府信任及居民感知的差异。实证研究结果表明:（1）旅游感知收益、生活满意度正向影响政府信任,生活满意度在旅游感知收益与政府信任之间起到部分中介作用;（2）旅游感知成本显著负向影响政府信任,但与社区参与、社区依恋和生活满意度的关系不显著;（3）社区参与、社区依恋均正向影响旅游感知收益、生活满意度,而且社区参与通过旅游感知收益间接影响生活满意度;（4）处于不同生命周期阶段的乡村旅游地居民政府信任和社区依恋水平没有显著差异,而社区参与和居民感知水平差异显著。     

信任对农民创业机会识别的影响

基于信任视角,构建农民创业者信任对创业机会识别的理论分析框架,运用链式多重中介方法,对浙江、安徽、河南和陕西4省880份农民创业者访谈数据进行实证分析,结果发现:信任能显著提高农民创业机会识别;农民创业者信任能通过外部知识获取与创业警觉性对创业机会识别产生间接影响,其作用路径有三条:外部知识获取的部分中介作用、创业警觉性的部分中介作用及外部知识获取与创业警觉性的链式中介作用。因此,政府应完善农民创业相关规章与制度;推进农村文化建设,提高信任水平;增加农民创业知识与技能的供给,培养农民创业者的机会警觉性。     

核威慑的四大风险及其应对

风险社会中的核威慑自身具有很大的不确定性,容易引发技术风险、信任风险、政治风险和道德风险。对立的主客思维方式、失序的国际规范、内在的逻辑矛盾以及缺失的道德责任导致了核威慑风险的产生与升级,而其中的道德责任是根本性的影响因子。面对日趋严峻的核安全形势,各国应该培植政治智慧与道德理性,强化共生意识和本体性安全,构建平等、正义的核安全合作机制,积极打造安全共同体,让参与者共享安全与和平。拥核国应该承担更大的道德责任,切实维护核不扩散体制,努力铲除核恐怖主义,稳步推进世界无核化进程。     

Barriers to the Uptake of Emergency Accommodation by Young Runaways and Thrown‐out children and the Role of the ‘Transitional Person’

Young runaways and thrown‐out children, under‐16, face a number of barriers to accessing safe emergency accommodation. The need for such accommodation is not always apparent because children sometimes make themselves invisible to services through fear of being returned or fear of being removed from inappropriate accommodation. Young people's retrospective accounts of their experiences suggest the importance of a ‘transitional person’, an adult who has a pivotal role in trust‐building and who acts as a conduit to services and helps runaway and thrown‐out children overcome internal and external barriers to uptake of emergency accommodation.     

Social Relations Model Analyses of Perceived Self‐Control and Trust in Families

How do people know which family member is trustworthy? In this study, the authors tested the hypothesis that people use their perception of a family member's self‐control as an indicator of his or her trustworthiness. Eighty‐four Dutch families consisting of 2 parents and 2 children completed questionnaires assessing each family member's trust in and perceived self‐control of the other 3 family members. This full‐family design enabled the authors to examine their hypothesis in horizontal relationships, between family members of equal status (i.e., parent–parent and sibling–sibling relationships), and vertical relationships, in which partners have unequal status (i.e., parent–child and child–parent relationships). Consistent with the hypothesis, Social Relations Model analyses showed that being perceived as having higher self‐control is related to greater trustworthiness among adults and children in the large majority of horizontal and vertical relationships (10 out of 12). These findings highlight that perceived self‐control is an important factor by which to gauge trustworthiness in families.     

基于微博情绪信息的股票市场预测

行为金融理论的研究表明,股票投资者在进行投资决策时,容易受到自身的因素如情绪与心理因素的影响.以行为金融理论为依据,作出基本假设:微博情绪信息反映的社会整体情绪倾向能够影响并预测股票市场整体价格走势的变化.实证过程包括抓取新浪微博数据并进行预处理,生成情绪倾向时间序列,通过格兰杰因果关系检验上证指数时间序列与情绪倾向时间序列间的相关关系,建立支持向量机模型预测股票市场价格的变化采验证假设的正确性.实验结果显示加入微博情绪信息的预测模型能够获得更高的准确率,进而证明了本文所作假设的正确性.     

中原人口逃入匈奴及其受到信任使用

匈奴社会的管理比中原地区宽松,无以为生的中原贫民、留没匈奴之中原将士的亲属以及边民、奴婢等甘愿冒极大风险逃亡出塞,为的是去谋求生存.虽有障塞哨卡甚至腰斩酷刑却仍禁而不止.至西汉末年,汉廷所设四条恰从反面证明,时从中原北入匈奴谋求生存者已形成潮流.留居匈奴地区的中原人有一部分自愿参加了匈奴军队对汉军作战,还有中原人把穿井筑城治楼藏谷技术,以及计课人众畜物的疏记方法等带到匈奴地区.张骞、苏武、李陵等留居匈奴期间都曾娶胡妇建立家庭.李广利之死与殉葬无关.匈奴地区的中原人有人身自由.